Fed keeps rates the same because of rising inflation

On Wednesday the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve released an unexpected announcement that US interest rates would remain in the same target range, between 3.50 and 3.75 percent, a move that reflects the high rate of inflation, 4.2 percent -  the highest rate since April of 2023. Add to that the recent May jobs report of 172,000 jobs, the die was cast for stasis.

"Inflation remains elevated relative to the Committee's 2% goal, in part reflecting supply shocks that have driven price increases in certain sectors, including energy," the FOMC said.

Significantly, this was also the first report under the new Fed Chair, Kevin Warsh, who was nominated by President Trump as a direct move to cut interest rates, (which the former chair Jerome Powell refused to do using standard macroeconomic metrics), so Wednesday also brought a closer look at Warsh, who has changed both the tone of his post meeting remarks; and, has diluted the predictive “dot plot” which previously has shown possible future Fed actions: but that’s not all, Warsh also has created several task force committees that seem a generation away from his baby boomer predecessor.

Another significant change was that there was almost near unanimous support for the stasis, and even with some members diverging in how much of an increase, it reflects a recognition of the economic reality of the world’s largest economy, and its reaction to what, and how the Fed manages their dual mandate of full employment and inflation at 2 percent, a standard that Warsh seems to have drifted away from in his later remarks.

Of course, the elephant in the room is the Memorandum of Understanding between the US and Iran to end the war that has affected, or sustained the costs of energy prices. With that in mind, Monday’s news that Iran would open the Strait of Hormuz has eased the price of regular gasoline prices down by 50 cents per gallon, but still a dollar higher than it was before the war began in February. 

Trump was under a great deal of pressure to get the Strait open before energy prices rose even further, and to calm the stock markets, at least for the time being; with critics noting that Iran has a powerful tool in the future, should there be greater pressure from the US or Israel. But, for the time being it seems to be smooth sailing.

Setting sail in a new direction is Warsh, and CBS News reported that, “The so-called easing bias — a sentence in recent FOMC policy statements signaling the central bank was leaning toward cutting interest rates — was removed from the June guidance, which was significantly slimmer than the typical statement.” 

"You might have already noticed something, a difference in today's policy statement," Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh said in a press conference to discuss the Fed's latest interest rate decision. "It's a bit shorter, a bit simpler and it dispenses with some older language. That statement just gives you the facts as best we can judge it."

This will be a closely watched feature at future meetings and also under examination are “what economists expect to be a major shift in the Fed's communication practices, including the aforementioned circumspect policy statements and lesser forward guidance. 

That said, the new task forces are causing scrutiny to review how it handles or assesses “issues ranging from communications to inflation data,” but some analysts and economists are wondering what exactly those words will mean in the future and if there is a political message emanating from the White House.

It may be too early to tell, but with as with all current political events, and remarks, hinging on the November midterms for Republicans to keep their majority, we have this from Warsh: "If I saw somebody in the grocery store, what I would say to them is that we cannot have a very significant effect on particular prices, the price of oil in the markets today, or even the price of a dozen eggs," and Warsh continued."But it's to make sure that those changes in oil or beef or eggs or milk don't broaden in the economy, don't have second and third effects,” adding that, "We're going to deliver on it."

If Warsh is going to work with the White House, as expected, then that will be a tough slog with nearly 80 percent of Americans disapproving of Trump’s handling of the economy.

Returning to that statement, without uncertainty, or even affordability, the stated goals for these task forces are “addressing the Fed’s communications, its balance sheet, its reliance on data sources, productivity and jobs, and the central bank’s inflation “frameworks.” 

As anyone who follows Washington knows, the creation of white papers, task forces, and committees can be a place where legislation goes to die, so observers are wondering what will be the result of these goals.

Speculation is often the bulwark of Washington, and with the possibility of the evaporating “dot plots”, it runs rampant, so we have this from The New York Times:

“The dot plot had fewer entries than usual. Mr. Warsh confirmed he was the only official who did not submit any projections, while another policymaker opted against submitting projections just for 2028. Mr. Warsh has argued that Fed officials should speak less frequently and forgo providing specific guidance about where rates may be headed in the near term to avoid limiting their ability to pivot if the economic backdrop changes.”

An analysis of the possible meanings of this are wondering if this is a case of being quiet and carrying a big stick? Is the stick coming from the White House?

 

In one of his atypical comments the president did say, in contrast to an earlier Oval Office statement when the new inflation report was released, "I love it. The numbers were great. You know what I really love? I love the inflation," but when asked about the Fed’s decision to maintain interest rates, President Trump told reporters, “It’s alright, whatever.”

“Trump later expounded a bit more, when queried about the prospect of a rate hike soon. “It could happen. It’s hard to believe. It just keeps our country down. It’s so unusual.”

“But in a sign of a changed tone on the part of the president, he then said this of Warsh: “We have a very good guy over there now, so I’m guided by what he wants to do.”

The Times did expand on what an interpretation might be noting, “Rising inflation and a steady policy rate translate to a lower inflation-adjusted or “real” interest rate, meaning the Fed is not restraining the economy as much as it once was. That risks making the Fed’s inflation problem even worse, especially at a time when the labor market has strengthened and the economy more broadly is holding up well.”

With several factors looming on the horizon, ending a war, rising inflation, a resilient American jobs market and political maelstroms, plus a central bank possibly beholden to the executive, it’s a very long road ahead for price control, and even harder for working American families.

Boom or bust for May Jobs report?

There was an old chewing gum commercial in the 1960s with the jingle of “double your pleasure double your fun.” and that seems to apply to the May jobs report released on Friday by the US Labor Department showing a gain of 172,000 non-farm jobs, a figure that was nearly double what economists had predicted, and giving once more, the label of resilience of American labor.

One aspect that gave a welcome tweak to the good news was that there was a broad inroad to jobs beyond health care that extended to both manufacturing and local government employment. But, while this was welcome news, another aspect was that people were staying on the unemployment line longer, and while new jobless claims had not statistically increased, those sitting on the bench have been a cause of concern for the future.

“The share of unemployed workers who have been out of work for 27 weeks or more rose to 27.5% in May, up from 20.4% a year ago and well-above pre-pandemic norms. The situation for many unemployed job seekers is grim, even in the midst of impressive monthly job gains,” said the Hiring Lab in its assessment of the May report.

It’s still a low fire, low hire environment, but with one fell swoop of the cards from further inflation, now at 3.8 percent, the scales could easily tip into recession; and, coupled with the uncertain outcome of the US-Israel war against Iran the effects on the national economy, and jobs could prove precarious.

Turning again to the Hiring Lab they offered this cautionary note:

“This kind of equilibrium can’t hold indefinitely. A market frozen between low hiring and low firing is only stable as long as nothing pushes on it. Should demand soften, the lack of hiring leaves no cushion to reabsorb workers who lose their jobs, and what now reads as a quiet labor market could tip into a rising unemployment rate quickly. The low-hire, low-fire dynamic has been remarkably durable, but durability isn’t permanence. The longer it persists, the more it’s worth watching for the first sign of which direction it finally breaks.”

When the Federal Open Markets Committee meets later this month it will be the first test of the new Federal Reserve Chair, Kevin Warsh to see if he bends to the will of President Trump who wants rate cuts, or will he according to the standards of macro economics increase rates in light of these job numbers, especially considering the revisions to the April report. 

“If Chair Warsh pushes for cuts at his first meeting, he will be pushing against the evidence,” said Seema Shah, chief global strategist at Principal Asset Management.

We still are seeing a mixed bag in the report not only with these concerns but also with wages that have seen a rise but much of that increase will be spent by working families on the increasing higher costs of housing, groceries, and of course, gasoline which has, on the average, since the beginning of the war in February increased to $1.25 per gallon.

Economists are worried about “the 55% rise in the price of diesel fuel, which is used in shipping, farming, transportation and construction. It can quickly raise costs for consumers as the higher price is passed down across a number of industries.”

The cost of diesel fuel which as the New York Times reported in late March, is less discernible to the average consumer but whose price has climbed faster than the price of gasoline with the war, which could lead “to inflation across a wide range of goods” affecting the price and shipping of those products that most Americans rely on.

“Diesel powers a lot of basic industries,” said Vidya Mani, a visiting associate professor at Cornell University’s business school whose research focuses on supply chains. “Mining industries, chemical factories, clothing factories — a lot of those things come from diesel.”

“Because of its far-reaching consequences, it can stop a lot of industries,” she said, adding that if prices continue to rise, consumers will probably begin to see the effects on everyday items and necessities within the next several weeks.”

“Much of the diesel in the United States comes from domestic supplies. But oil companies can still price the commodity at global market rates. In January, a little more than 40 percent of the cost of diesel came from the price of crude oil, according to the Energy Information Administration” making things even murkier for consumers as time goes by without an end to the conflict.

Meanwhile, the unemployment rate remains at 4,3 percent, but, as we've stated before, this is only a snapshot in time, and other factors must be taken into consideration: as NBC News reported, “Average hourly earnings rose 3.4% from a year ago. According to Jennifer Timmerman, an analyst at the Wells Fargo Investment Institute, that’s the lowest since 2021. In April, inflation sharply jumped to a 3.8%, its highest level in three years, due to the surging price of gasoline and the resulting economic ripple effect.”

Another worrisome statistic is that “Wholesale inflation — what businesses pay other businesses for goods and services — surged to 6% in April, according to BLS data released May 13. That was sharply higher than the 4.3% in March,” they added.

In a later report, at the middle of June, BLS reported that the Consumer Price Index rose 0.5 in May, putting the annual inflation rate at 4.2 percent over the last twelve months with energy prices over 7 percent  with the jump in  gasoline paces. The Core CPI, which excludes the volatile food and energy prices rose to  0,2 percent, and on an annual basis to 2.9 percent, creating further economic dilemma to American working families.

Wage growth slowed to 3.5 percent in May compared to April which showed 3.6 percent and that is a figure worth watching. And it’s common knowledge that a dollar doesn't buy what it used to factor in the Trump tariffs and the price of beef, especially ground beef, a staple of the American diet, shows increased prices, just in time for backyard barbecues, a warm weather staple for entertaining. Add to that the morning dose of java, those coffee tariffs are not helping with the daily grind.

For those that follow the market, “After the report, U.S. government bond yields surged and stocks sold off. Fed rate futures also quickly indicated that traders are now projecting a more than 60% chance of a rate hike in October and a more than 98% chance by December’s Fed meeting.”

Waiting may not be an option, said Beth Hammack, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, said on Tuesday, preceding Friday’s report,”“If we wait for definitive evidence that high inflation has become embedded in the economy, it may require larger policy adjustments, at greater cost."

The White House was overjoyed with the report, especially considering the sinking polls for Trump and his handling of the economy, and “I think that basically what we’re seeing is an enormous amount of positive momentum in hiring,” Kevin Hassett, the director of the National Economic Council, said on CNBC Friday morning.

Asked about wage growth tracking below inflation, Hassett deflected concerns on Bloomberg Television, saying that “real wages are going up on average about $3,000 since President Trump took office.”

Once again, driving labor gains over the last year was education and healthcare some of the largest contributors to job growth in May but there were surprises as well, with an unexpected gain of 70,000 jobs in leisure and hospitality, “well above the average monthly gain of 14,000 over the prior 12 months,” BLS said.

NBC reported that PNC Bank chief economist Gus Faucher noted that “the breadth of job growth has picked up in 2026.” He added that “in 2025 there were net job losses in all industries outside of healthcare, but in 2026 those industries are seeing net job growth.”

Local governments also saw job gains but in the last several months there has been a total loss of 350,000 federal jobs and many former workers are gravitating to take their experience to local governments.

One possible theory, and it’s purely speculative, is from The New York Times noted is that “construction, which has been trending up since last fall amid a massive buildup in data centers to serve the A.I. boom. Adam Schickling, an economist with Vanguard, thinks the unseasonably warm spring may have also played a role jump-starting hiring in fields dependent on weather changes.” and he added, “That is essentially something you ultimately pay back in one form or another. You’re hiring people earlier, so then you’re not hiring that person later,” he said. “I think it’s still really early to suggest that there’s a reacceleration in the labor market.”

Slowing to a crawl are financial services, including information technology to 22,000 jobs, “and the transportation/warehousing industry. That sector is “down by 92,000 [jobs] since reaching a peak in February 2025,” the agency said.”

One particular aspect that represents another cautionary note is that, as Axios reported,  “The economy has averaged gains of 114,000 jobs per month so far this year, a far cry from the 10,000 monthly average added in 2025.”

May did give some blockbusting numbers, but it’s a party that might have an end in a few months. With inflation, both consumer and wholesale, against a background of uncertainty with the US and Israel war, and as a result, with climbing fuel costs, and a host of other related factors, plus  lowered wages, the American economy gets, in our estimate, a B minus.

On Monday June 15 the Trump administration announced a memorandum of understanding with Iran towards a cease fire of 60 days and an end of week opening of the Strait of Hormuz, but international observers and economists are leery of the announcement, noting that Israel has not agreed to the deal, and that even if the Strait does reopen it will take months for price regulation to presume pre war price controls due to severe disruption of the international supply chain.

Updated 16 June 2026